NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA
FACULTY OF SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Plot 91, Cadastral Zone, Nnamdi Azikwe Expressway, Jabi, Abuja
JULY 2018 EXAMINATIONS
COURSE CODE: ESM 392 TIME ALLOWED: 2 Hours
COURSE TITLE: REMOTE SENSING 2 Credit Units
Instruction: Attempt question number ONE (1) and any other THREE (3) questions. Question number one (1) is compulsory and carries 25 marks, while the other questions carry equal marks (15) each
1a. Distinguish energy interaction in the atmosphere and with earth surface features. 8marks
b. Energy interaction with earth surface features gives rise to the energy balance equation. 8marks
1c. Distinguish the types of aerial photographs and state the various uses of each. 9marks
2a. Define the following terms used in photogrammetry
Principal point
Flight line
Over lap
Stereo pair 6marks
b. Examine the 2 ways of obtaining the scale of an aerial photograph = 4marks
c. Compute the scale of an aerial photograph taken with an aerial camera of focal length 152mm and from a flying height of 830m above sea level, over an area of average height of 50m above sea level. 5marks
3a. Discuss the various characteristics of photographic images. 5marks
b. Identify 2 ways of mapping from aerial photographs. 5marks
c. How do we achieve the following on a pair of overlapping aerial photographs? 5marks
4a. Each type of remote sensor reacts to energy bands of specific frequency and wavelength. Discuss this statement, highlighting the designated sensors and their capabilities within a certain range of the electromagnetic energy. 8marks
b. 8 of the current sensors that are on board space borne platforms are? 4marks
c. List the forms in which remote sensing platforms can be classified. 3marks
5a. What is image rectification and restoration. 5marks
b. Explain briefly the processes of carrying out digital image restoration and justify the rationale for doing it in remote sensing. 5marks
List the various techniques of pre-processing digital images. 5marks
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Exam summary sample below
