An observer as participant in an early years setting means that
The researcher observes activity every 20 minutes, jotting down notes
—>> The researcher spends time in the setting and joins in the activities taking place, observing the activity as it unfolds
The researcher is employed as a full member of the team but does not reveal that they are undertaking research which is conducted covertly
The researcher is not involved in the setting in any way and attends for the sole purpose of conducting observations. The researcher aims to be as unobtrusive as possible