| In channels of distribution, where members can produce a leader who helps them to cooperate is referred to as a ……….. |
| In channels of distribution, whrer a channel member can emerge as a leader and force other members to cooperate is referred to as a …………… |
| In channels of distribution, where channel members can do anything is referred to as ………….. |
| In channels of distribution, a …………… relationship is where the leader determines the policy and dictates or assidns the work tasks., no group deliberation and no group decision is taken. |
| ………….is a set of interdependent organisation involved in the process of making a product or services available to consumaers. |
| …… will refer to the marketing institutions that mediate the exchange relationship between producer and consumer of their product. |
| ………….. Is a situation where producers rely on marketing intermediaies to get their products to consumers |
| …. … is a process where producers push their products to consumers without going through middlemen. |
| According to Kotler and Armstrong 1996, functions of middlemen include the following……………….. |
| Gathering and disstributing marketing research and intelligence information about actions and forces in the market environment for planning and aiding exchange is referred to as ……………………………………. |
| ………………. Is at play when reaching an agreement on price and other trems of the offer in the market place so that ownership or possesion can be transferred. |
| Developing and sprding percsuative communication about anoffer of a product is referred to as …………………………………………… |
| …….is at play when shopping and fitting the offer of a product to the buyers needs, including such activities as mauffacturing or possession can be transferred.. |
| Assuminmg the hazard and state of carrying out the channel of distribution work js referred to as……………………………………………. |
| ………….is a business strategy that deals essentially with communication with the public. |
| Cooperative societies developed out of the effects of industrial revolution of the …….. |
| ……….are formed by people of similar background who come together to solve common problems and protect common interest. |
| ………….activities and functions are based on two fundamental pillars: satisfaction of consumers’ needs and building enduring long-lasting relationship with the customers. |
| …….. is both social and managerial process by which the needs of individuals and organizations are met through an organization creation and exchanging of value/offering with the customers. |
| One of these is not a basic concept relating to marketing |
| One important function of marketing is the creation of utility; and there a number of utilities that marketing helps to create. One of these is not among: |
| …………activities are at the core of all organizational efforts. |
| The importance of marketing can be felt in all of these except………. |
| The willingness and ability of a consumer to purchase a given product at a particular prevailing price and time is called…….. |
| Cooperative societies are classified based on a number of factors like organizational structure and functions performed. One of these cooperative societies is based on functions performed. |
| Agricultural marketing cooperatives perform all these functions except one: |
| One of these cooperative societies is based on structure. |
| The aim of the …………cooperative is to pool resources together in order to buy consumer products directly from source (producers), to make same products available to members at reduced prices. |
| One of these is a specialized society in the nature of regular financial institutions. |
| The main objectives of this society is to pool resources (capital) together to buy in large quantity from the wholesaler or directly from the producers, and (b) to enjoin rebate or discount because of the level of purchase. |
| This cooperative society is hybrid in nature as it combines several features and functions of two or more types of cooperative societies together. |
| This cooperative is the only provider of off-farm waged employment in rural areas. |
| This is an apex cooperative society which has primary and secondary societies as members; they are larger and cover a state or a country. |
| These are formed by primary societies, and the membership of this society is limited to interested primary society within a state or some local governments. |
| Currently Nigeria has ……. number of local goverments? |
| How many geo-political zones do we have in Nigeria? |
| Kastina state is in what geo-political zone in Nigeria? |
| The current senate as constituted in Nigeria in 2015 is the ……. |
| The Nigeria local government system is single tier multi-purpose |
| The eigth National Assembly in Nigeria was inaugurated on …… |
| The name of the current chief of security adviser in Nigeria is ……….. |
| The military is known for the following except ……… |
| In what year did Nigeria became a republic? |
| The total life expectancy in Nigeria according to WHO 2018 is ……. |
| A path traced in the direct or indirect transfer of title of a product as it moves from a producer to an ultimate consumer or industrial user is called….. |
| Agricultural products are called…….. |
| One of these is not a basic feature of agricultural products. |
| This basic feature of agricultural products states that agricultural produces are directly from nature, meaning that they have generally not undergone any processing to help the enhancement of their basic features and value. |
| The need or necessitation to find buyers quickly or process agricultural products when sales are delayed stems from ……… basic feature. |
| This basic agricultural product feature stipulates that before branding can be done the produces would have to be processed into something else. |
| Which of these basic features of agricultural produce are premised on the fact that agricultural products are dependent on the forces of weather, even though the demand and consumption are spread throughout the year? |
| Production is not complete until the goods (products, services or ideas) reach the…. |
| ……..is the transfer process which involves transportation, stores and logistics management |
| ……. involves all business organizations and individuals through which possession and titles of goods pass between the point of production from the producer to the consumers. |
| Different countries around the globe engage in the production and exchange of different commodities because no country is self sufficient |
| International marketers should critically focus on |
| The international marketing management philosophy where a domestic company seeks sales extension of its domestic product into foreign markets and views its international operations as secondary to and an extension of its domestic operations is called |
| At what stage of international marketing involvement does a firm merely focus on marketing surpluses caused by variations in production levels or demand overseas |
| It is virtually impossible for a firm to be completely self sufficient without incurring undue costs |
| Without ….., a nation will have to produce all it needs by itself |
| The principles of absolute advantage requires that a nation import those commodites that |
| The level of risk and uncertaintity in international marketing is less than that obtainable in domestic markets |
| The principles of absolute advantage was elaborated in a book titled ‘Wealth of Nations’ written by who? |
| Nations do not trade because they gain something from their trade partners |
| If Nigeria can produce 20 computers or 10 automobiles while Ghana can produce 10 computers and 20 automobiles, Nigeria has an absolute advantage in the production of …. |
| Who is the first British Economist to fully appreciate relative cost as a basis for trade? |
| What environmental factor must an international marketer be knowledgeable about? |
| The technological environment include the following except one |
| The political-legal environment include the following except one |
| International market entry decisions can only be taken if the firm has |
| The quickest and simplest mode of international market entry is called |
| Which international marketing entry mode is obtainable when a firm enters into an agreement with a local company in the foreign country to produce the product while the market entrant takes charge of the marketing of the manufactured products? |
| The kind of direct export where an export sales manager carries on the actual selling and draws on market assistance as needed is called |
| Another term used to describe overseas sales branch is called |
| Products can be tangible or intangible |
| Products are carriers of services |
| The new product development process contains how many steps/stages? |
| At what stage in the product development process does the firm decide whether the product will be profitable to manufacture or not |
| New product ideas can be generated from which sources |
| The most important reason behind the utilization of market segmentation is |
| MDS stands for |
| All but one are factors that determine product adoption in international markets |
| All but one are mandatory factors that determine product modification |
| IPLC stands for Intermediate Product Life Cycle |
| Customers will always buy as long as the price is low |
| The value that consumers give in exchange for products and services is |
| All but one are demographic factors that are particularly important for pricing decision making |
| Pricing objectives should be derived from |
| Profit maximization norm provides the operating marketing manager with a single, unequivocal guideline for selecting prices |
| One of the following is a pricing objectives that a company can pursue in its pricing policies |
| When a company price to achieve a target market share, they |
| One of the following is a type of cost-oriented pricing |
| What pricing method involves totalling the cost of producing a product and adding a certain percentage on |
| Rate-of-return pricing is also known as |
| Who is known as the Sarki Yaki ? |
| The judges in the Islamic courts are called |
| A good moslem must abstain from |
| Id-al -Fitr is also known as |
| The king in Yorubaland is called |
| Oranmiyan was the youngest son of |
| Ilari serves as the permanent adviser to the |
| The Ogboni was headed by |
| The Igbo pre-colonial era religion believe in |
| The Igbos are described as |
| Which of this pricing methods are commonly used by manufacturers? |
| One of the key shortfalls of cost-oriented pricing methods is that |
| Product feactures that determine pricing considerations include |
| The pricing policy that is best suited for a monopolistic market is |
| In setting prices, a firm need not consider how competitors will react |
| The average price charged by the industry is called |
| What pricing method is popular for homogeneous products |
| Even market leaders within an industry does not have the leverage to price above competition |
| Not all price differentials are discriminatory |
| Government can invoke price controls to achieve |
| A measure of consumers’ price sensitivity is called |
| If demand is elastic, a price increase will |
| If an increase in price leads to a proportionate increase in total revenue, demand is said to be |
| The pricing strategy that MTN deployed to penetrate the Nigerian market is |
| Skimming pricing is best employed when a |
| A pricing strategy that is best suited for a novel product in its early lifecycle stage is |
| Skimming pricing is best utilized when production capacity limits output or when competitors face some barrier to market entry |
| Penetration pricing is not a flexible pricing strategy |
| The best pricing strategy to apply when demand is elastic is |
| The best pricing strategy to apply when demand is inelastic is |
| Who were the original inhabitants of Karnem-Bornu? |
| Who leads the central government of Karnem Bornu Empire ? |
| Bokwoi in Hausa means |
| The system of government in Hausaland is |
| Who can overrule the decision of the Alafin? |
| The Benin kingdom was founded by |
| The Igbos are made up of |
| In Igbo pre-colonial era, succession was by |
| The type of government operated in pre-colonial Igbo was |
| These were Benin Rulers except |
| The zaghawas were |
| Mai Muhammad is associated with |
| Politically, the Hausa caliphate was divided into |
| The Chief judges of the Islamic courts are called |
| Kebi gained independence from Songhai under |
| The spiritual headquarters of the Yorubaland is |
| The Iweguare served the Oba as |
| One of these groups made up the Igbo group |
| Minor disputes in pre-colonial Igbo era were settled by |
| The Age-grade in Igbo land are |
| The acronym POSDCORB was postulated by |
| Public administration in Nigerian traditional society is |
| In 1996, Abacha created how many states? |
| The main characteristic of career civil servant is |
| The growth of civil service was aided by |
| The formal structure of governance at the local level is called |
| Public corporations are owned by |
| The West and the Midwestern states were created in |
| The Native Authority Ordinance started in |
| Ayida Review Panel was in |
| Administration is practised in |
| In 1987, Babangida created |
| The civil service is the organ of the |
| Udorji’s Commission was in |
| 12 states was created in Nigeria in |
| When was the County Council abolished in Eastern Nigeria? |
| Local governments are usually created by |
| Dotun Phillips Commission was in |
| In may 1967, Gowon created how many states? |
| Public administration is |
| Public administration is |
| The remote origin of the Nigerian Civil Service is traced to |
| Indirect rule is also known as |
| One of thes is a form of Public-Private Partnership |
| Public corporations are established by |
| The Bureau for Public Enterprises was established by |
| In1952, there was Local government in the |
| Which constitution facilitated new forms of government in Nigeria? |
| There is legislative control in |
| The approaches to public administration according to Basu are |
| The whole organisation and its subsystem are seen as interrelated, is a tenet of…theory |
| Every firm producing goods and services that are identical or substitute is called……………… |
| Motivational need for achievement theory (N-Arch) is normally accredited to………………… |
| ……………. Completes the the cycle of managerial functions in organisation |
| Acting in their managerial capacity; president etc all do the same thing but operating skills differ is accredited to…….. |
| A corporation’s directional strategy is composed of………general orientation toward growth |
| Hawthorne experiments was conducted by……………………..and his colleagues |
| Industrial revolution started first in …….. |
| ……………….is generally regarded as the Father of Scientific Management |
| ………… championed the emergence of human relations movement in order to ensure effective performance |
| Another management practice in the city of Venice was during the ……………………………….. |
| The manager who acts an an initiator and designer of controlled change is |
| In the olden days, the feudal system was practiced in the ……………..empire |
| The first major function of management is …………………….. |
| Managers measure employees perforamce against objectives by way of |
| …………..Completes the cycle of management performance against objectives refers to as.. |
| All functions being performed by managers centre on …………………………… |
| ………..encompasses all other managerial functions |
| Managers roles are classified into …………… categories |
| Transferability of maqnagerial functions shows……………of management |
| The working elements in an organisation are the resources which may be categorized into…………………….. |
| The difference in discernment In individual work environment may not be found on……. |
| …….envieonment bears direct relationship to the attainment of organisational objectives |
| Leadership theory was traditionally presented in terms of……………….. |
| …………………environment is associated with less uncertainity for managers |
| Evaluate the environmental conditions of firms in terms of the rate of their changes in their technology is…. |
